A power transmitter takes standard AC or DC power from the grid, UPS, or panel and transforms it into a digital stream of discrete energy packets that carry both power and system information.

The transmitter continuously checks the power path for abnormal conditions (like a short circuit, water ingress, or someone touching a cable).

If a fault is detected, the system cuts off energy in milliseconds, limiting the fault energy — the amount of power that could potentially cause harm.

Instead of sending a continuous electrical signal, the transmitter sends hundreds of tiny energy packets per second over FMP‑rated cabling. Each packet contains just a small amount of energy — enough to be useful, but not enough to cause harm if a fault occurs.

It enables safe power transmission even at higher voltages and over longer distances than traditional low‑voltage systems.

At every moment, the system monitors the energy flow for abnormal conditions — such as a short circuit, ground fault, overload, or physical contact with a conductor. If a fault is detected, the system immediately stops sending further energy packets, halting power transmission within milliseconds and limiting the energy delivered into the fault.

Because each packet contains only a small amount of energy, the risk of shock or fire is inherently minimized — much like traditional low‑power systems — even though the overall delivered power can be high.

At the destination, a power receiver reassembles the incoming energy packets and converts them back into the required DC voltage or AC output for end devices. This enables conventional loads — such as lighting, wireless access points, sensors, servers, or other distributed equipment — to be powered safely and efficiently.

Traditional power systems manage safety by restricting total power output or using protective devices. FMP systems instead limit energy during a fault event, automatically stopping power where and when it matters most — before it can cause shock, fire, or equipment damage.  

Class 4 power can often be installed using the same pathways and practices used for communication cabling — the same integrators who do PoE and structured cabling can support FMP systems — helping projects deploy faster and more predictably.  

Class 4 power can often be installed using the same pathways and practices used for communication cabling — the same integrators who do PoE and structured cabling can support FMP systems — helping projects deploy faster and more predictably. 

FMP technology is now defined in the NEC (Class 4) and supported by new safety standards (e.g., UL 1400), reflecting growing industry adoption and ensuring system reliability and compliance.